ANIMALS // DANCE // DILEMMA // DYSTOPIA // EMPTINESS // EVANESCENCE // FIGURES OF SILENCE // FILM // IDENTITY // KISS // LANGUAGE // MEMORY // MUSIC // MUTISM // NIRWANA PRINCIPLE // NOISE // NOISELESS // NUCLEAR WASTE REPOSITORY // OBLIVIONISM // PLACES OF SILENCE // POETRY // PUBLIC-PRIVATE // RHETORICS OF DIALOGUE // UNIVERSE

PRACTICAL EXERCISE

ANIMALS

- stray dogs

Juha Valkeapää is a vocal and performance artist. He has produced solo and group works, and pieces of vocal and performance art, theatre, music and dance as well as sound installations for shows and radio. His work “Silence” (2007) is based on Didier Comes’s comic-strip album. In his work “Creating silence” (2008), he got dressed in a noisy suit in order to create silence.
Silent figures on the streets - stray dogs, the homeless, security guards

DANCE

Tiina Lindfors is one of the founder members of the dance theatre ERI, and she works there as both a dancer and a choreographer. She has already created more than 70 works for ERI. Many composers have sought to collaborate with Lindfors: amongst others, Mikko Heiniö has created five important works with her. As a choreograph, Lindfors is often controversial and emphasizes the opportunities to make a theatrical impact with dance.
Silence in a loud movement

DILEMMA

Ismo Kantola, of the State Technical Research Centre of Finland, is a sociologist and senior researcher and lecturer at the University of Turku. Kantola has researched the sociology of pollution and the management of nuclear waste. He has had many articles published on pollution and on public debate concerning nuclear waste in Finland. His areas of interest include research of social movements, the sociology of science and technology and the sociology of celebrations.
The disappearance of knowledge when it is produced and exchanged

DYSTOPIA

Petri Paju is a cultural historian at the University of Turku. His specialist field is the history of technology. Paju wrote his doctoral thesis on the first computer project after the wars in Finland. His post-doc research relates to IBM. He has also researched national political debate concerning atomic energy.
We will remember the tremendous future of atomic power – Zwentendorf and Fukushima

EMPTINESS

The Brigittine convent is a Catholic convent founded in 1911, which has operated in Turku since 1986. At the moment, there are nine nuns from various parts of the world at the convent. Sister Lena is originally from Southern India, from Puttur in Karnataka. She came to the convent 25 years ago. The convent operates on the same bases as the Saint Bridget church, providing bed & breakfast and a student hostel for girls, as part of the convent tradition.
How to empty one’s mind and contemplate the word of God [Skype]

Markku Into is a legend of Finnish poetry and was one of the main members of the underground movement of Turku in the late 1960s. Into has written 13 anthologies of poetry, along with prose and plays, and he has translated, amongst others, Charles Bukowski, Gregory Corso, Hans Magnus Enzensberger, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Allen Ginsberg and Hunter S. Thompson. He has also been awarded the Eino Leino prize. Into is a multifaceted man of letters and talented stage performer.
“A void in the universe”

Siru Kainulainen is a researcher of literature and tutor in Finnish literature at the
University of Turku. In particular, she is interested in the rhythms of poetry. She is writing her doctoral thesis on the poetry of Eila Kivikk’aho. Osmo Jokinen’s “Nollapiste” (1964) – meaning “Zero Point” in English – is a book whose pages are almost empty, and it does not contain any words.
The end of words - how do you read Osmo Jokinen’s “Nollapiste”?

EVANESCENCE

Markku Mannerkorpi is the head of burial services in the Turku and Kaarina parish union. He gained his qualification in horticulture in 1976 and followed this up with a degree in horticulture from the university of applied sciences in 1995. He has been supervising burials for a total of 34 years.
A turning point in burial culture – from burials in coffins to cremations

Riitta Vehanen has been the managing director and principal owner of Pietét Burial Services since 1993. Her education was in forestry, and she worked in that field previously. She gave up her work as a civil servant to become self-employed and moved from forestry into burials almost twenty years ago.
The aesthetics of death and encounters with it

FIGURES OF SILENCE

- homeless people and security guard

Juha Valkeapää is a vocal and performance artist. He has produced solo and group works, and pieces of vocal and performance art, theatre, music and dance as well as sound installations for shows and radio. His work “Silence” (2007) is based on Didier Comes’s comic-strip album. In his work “Creating silence” (2008), he got dressed in a noisy suit in order to create silence.
Silent figures on the streets - stray dogs, the homeless, security guards

- investigator

Jan Costin Wagner studied literature and history, writing his final dissertation on the hidden depths of Adalbert Stifter’s prose. Nowadays, he lives near Frankfurt and works as a freelance writer and musician. Finland is the setting for his novels featuring the young detective Kimmo Joentaa, and it is his second home.
Thoughts of a silent investigator – meeting Kimmo Joentaa

- Sirens

Leevi Lehto is a Helsinki-based poet and translator of literature into Finnish. Lehto has had six anthologies of poetry published since 1967. He is also a pioneer of digital poetry. Lehto worked between 1983 and 1997 as a full-time translator, and the areas translated included fiction, philosophy and sociology. He has written a new translation of James Joyce’s novel “Ulysses”, which will be published at the beginning of 2012. In 2007, Lehto established the publishing house Ntamo.
The forbidden song of the Sirens in James Joyce’s novel “Ulysses”

FILM

Hannu Salmi has been a professor of cultural history since 1999. His passion has been 19th-century cultural history: he has written his doctoral thesis on the nationalistic thinking of the composer Richard Wagner. Salmi has specialised in the history of media, film studies and the history of gestures and emotions.
When film lost its silence

IDENTITY

Dieter Hermann Schmitz was born in the Rhineland in Germany and lives with his Finnish wife and two children in Tampere. He teaches translation studies at university. His book “Die spinnen, die Finnen. Mein Leben im hohen Norden” (Those mad Finns. My life in the North) was published in 2011. In this, he describes in a humorous way his attempts to become completely Finnish.
Do you have to be able to keep your mouth shut in order to become a Finn?

KISS

Hannu Salmi has been a professor of cultural history since 1999. His passion has been 19th-century cultural history: he has written his doctoral thesis on the nationalistic thinking of the composer Richard Wagner. Salmi has specialised in the history of media, film studies and the history of gestures and emotions.
The wordless gesture – the history of the kiss

LANGUAGE

- coded

Jussi Lehtonen has worked as a researcher and lecturer in ethnology at the University of Turku since 2000. He is also a researcher and lecturer in futurology and is preparing his ethnological doctoral thesis on mobile services of the future in the Finnish countryside. He has had many scholarly articles and texts published. In addition to his teaching and research work, Lehtonen is responsible for the “Vankilat murroksessa” (A turning point for prisons) research project, and he has led two extensive periods of fieldwork at Kakolanmäki and Konnunsuo prisons in conjunction with this.
The unspoken rules of no communication amongst prisoners and the secret code of prison

- non verbal

Pekka Laamanen is a circus and pantomime artist, who graduated from the Turku Arts Academy in 2010. He has several years’ experience of theatre too. He has studied at The Commedia School in Copenhagen, where the focus was on physical theatre, clowning and mimicry. At the moment, he works as a freelance circus artist with a passion for street performance.
A hat behaving badly

- Sign Language

Terhi Rissanen, Licentiate of Philosophy, is a principal lecturer on a sign-language interpreting study programme in Turku. She has researched sign language at The Research Institute for the Languages of Finland, at the Department of General Linguistics at the University of Helsinki and in general linguistics studies at the University of Turku. She has worked as a teacher of the deaf for 16 years, and she has trained interpreters since 1986.
Sign language as an aesthetic experience

Signmark is a sign-language rap artist who started his career in music as a child by translating well-known Christmas carols into sign language. His breakthrough was made in the Eurovision elimination rounds in 2008. Signmark has subsequently appeared in more than thirty countries, and he has released two albums. Signmark also does work as a special representative of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in Finland, carrying the message of equality to the world’s human-rights forums.
A professional in silence creates rhymes using sign language

- wordless

Putte Wilhelmsson What goes without saying is the buying of a lottery ticket, the feeling of winning a car race, the moment of truth or simply – the peace of mind. Putte Wilhelmsson is a writer, literary critic and a teacher of journalism.
What goes without saying

MEMORY

Riitta Kormano is the curator of the Art and Visual Culture unit of Turku Museum Centre, and she is responsible for the city’s art collection, the Museum Centre’s photograph archive and the liaison for loans of artwork. She graduated with an M.A. in the History of Art, and now she is writing her doctoral thesis on Finnish war memorials.
Silenced stones

Helena Ruuskanen works as a neurologist and psychotherapist at the Centre for Torture Survivors in Helsinki. She has had articles published relating to the pain experienced by those tortured.
The silence of victims. How can we help and care for those who have been tortured?

Kari Uotila, Ph.D., is an archaeologist and director of Muuritutkimus ky. He has carried out archaeological field studies of mediaeval sites since 1985. He has had research published on the castles in Turku, Kuusisto and Kajaani and on the mediaeval stone houses in Turku and Naantali. Uotila has experimented with various forms of digital documentation and presentation, of which the latest are laser scanning and second-life characters.
Archaeology lends a voice to the past and interprets messages from the past for the future

MUSIC

- AC/DC and others

Milja Lempinen is 13 years old. She started playing the violin at three years of age. Nowadays, she also plays the piano, sings and dances ballet and show-dance. Milja attends Puolala school, where music is the emphasis.
Playing and loving music – AC/DC, Oscar Rieding and The Beatles

- Cage

Petri Kuljuntausta is a composer, performer and sound artist. He has composed music for experimental films, visual art and dance projects, and he has made media and sound installations in museums, galleries and concert halls. He has written an 800-page history “On-Off” about the early years of Finnish electronic music. In 2005, Kuljuntausta was awarded the Finnish State Prize for Art.
Tales of John Cage’s work 4'33"

- invisible

Aline Westphal is a student in performing arts at the University of Hildesheim in Germany focusing on film and media. She is the creator of the air-guitar rock opera “Four vs. Hellfire” and the German air-guitar master and the winner of the 2011 World Air-Guitar Championships held in Oulu.
A discussion of playing the invisible guitar with The Devil’s Niece [SKYPE]

- listening

Simo Alitalo (cancelled) is a Turku-based sound artist. Alitalo’s installations and radio works have been accessible in the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and in many European countries. The starting points for his works are often the basic acoustemological questions: what do we know about the world by hearing, and how do things heard by us shape our understanding of the world?
The concept of transaudibility as a tool for the sound artist

Mikko Heiniö is a composer of contemporary-art music. His output includes, amongst other things, three operas, nine piano concertos, two symphonies as well as chamber and vocal music. He studied composition under the tutelage of Joonas Kokkonen, and in the 1970s he was a pupil of Witold Szalonek in West Berlin. Heiniö was appointed Professor of Musicology at the University of Turku in 1986. He has served as the composer-in-residence of the Turku Philharmonic Orchestra since 1997 and as the Chairman of the Society of Finnish Composers.
Listening to pauses, breaks and silent music (with examples composed by Mikko Heiniö)

Petri Kuljuntausta is a composer, performer and sound artist. He has composed music for experimental films, visual art and dance projects, and he has made media and sound installations in museums, galleries and concert halls. He has written an 800-page history “On-Off” about the early years of Finnish electronic music. In 2005, Kuljuntausta was awarded the Finnish State Prize for Art.
A practical listening exercise – Reading a book of silence

- rapping

Signmark is a sign-language rap artist who started his career in music as a child by translating well-known Christmas carols into sign language. His breakthrough was made in the Eurovision elimination rounds in 2008. Signmark has subsequently appeared in more than thirty countries, and he has released two albums. Signmark also does work as a special representative of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in Finland, carrying the message of equality to the world’s human-rights forums.
A professional in silence creates rhymes using sign language

MUTISM

Hannu Westerinen has worked as a child psychiatrist at Helsinki University Central Hospital since 1990 and before this as a physician caring for the disabled. He works in neuro- and small-child psychiatric workgroups, and in his work he has also become familiar with the problems of selective muteness.
“She’s Given up Talking” – selective mutism among children

NIRWANA PRINCIPLE

Måns Broo is a docent in comparative religion and a lecturer at the Department of Comparative Religion at Åbo Academy. He is also Editor-in-Chief of the yoga magazine Ananda. He has an interest in yoga as well as Indian spirituality and religiousness both in his work and on a personal level.
Yoga – a secular, spiritual or religious discipline?

Virve Repo, B.A., is writing her pro-gradu work on cultural history at the University of Turku. Her subject area is yoga as a fashionable way of resting the mind and as an overall body culture in Finland during the 1960s and 1970s. She considers silence from the viewpoint of someone practising yoga and meditation and from the viewpoint of someone researching yoga. According to Patañjal, “Yoga is about stopping the activities of the mind.”
How do you tame a monkey mind?

NOISE

Outi Ampuja, Ph.D., completed her thesis on social environmental research into environmental noise at the University of Helsinki in 2007. She has had books and many scientific articles published on noise and silence, and she has lectured on the subject in Finland and abroad. Nowadays, Ampuja works as a freelance researcher and writer of non-fiction books. In 2008, she was awarded the “Hiljainen haavanlehti” (Quiet aspen leaf) prize for good work in maintaining a quiet environment.
When did noise become a problem in the urban environment?

Jori Hulkkonen is a DJ and producer of electronic music. Starting in the mid 1990s, he has released his albums with European and American record companies, and he has made many well-known remixes. Hulkkonen, who has received international recognition, has appeared a lot in Europe, Asia and the Americas. He has also hosted electronic-music programmes on Finnish National Radio.
A continuous internal sound – what is it like to hear tinnitus?

Sampo Ruoppila, of the Technical Research Centre of Finland, works at the University of Turku as a research director of Urban Research. He leads the Turku Urban Research Programme, a collaboration between the City of Turku and the universities. The purpose of this is to increase levels of academically significant research that benefit urban planning.
Urban soundscapes and specificity of places

NOISELESS

Risto Joutsiniemi is an inventor and CEO of Windside company. His wind turbines have been manufactured since 1982 and have been delivered to over 40 countries. Silence, safety and durability are the features of Windside turbines. For instance, they have been installed as a part of the largest radiant-cooled office building in the world, the most energy efficient super-tall building in the world: The Pearl River Tower, a clean technology skyscraper in Guangzhou, China.
Whispering technology

NUCLEAR WASTE REPOSITORY

Nuria Marcos is working as an expert in the Safety Case group for Geological Disposal of spent nuclear fuel at Saanio & Riekkola Oy since 2005. Previously she worked as a senior research scientist at Aalto University School of Science and Technology. Education: BSc. in Applied Geology and Geophysics at the University of Barcelona in Spain. MSc in Geology at the University of Turku, in Finland. PhD in Engineering Geology and Geophysics at the Aalto University School of Science and Technology, in Espoo, Finland. Author of the book "Lessons from Nature in Nuclear Waste Management".
A Short History of Deep Repositories and Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste

Marianne Silvan-Lempinen (MSc.) is a sociologist who has specialized on the social meaning of scientific knowledge and tacit knowledge. She has studied the role of knowledge in the disposal of nuclear waste and the impact of tacit knowledge on the research work. Earlier she has been a private entrepreneur in the field of scientific research.
Tacit knowledge in the research of nuclear waste

OBLIVIONISM

Jutta Ahlbeck is a sociologist and researcher at Åbo Akademi
University. In her research on health and illness, the body and
sexualities, she has primarily focused on the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. In her PhD thesis, Diagnostics and Discipline (2006), she examined how female mental patients were diagnosed and (re)presented in both medicine and in Finnish society at large in the early twentieth century.
Lost Voices - Tales from the Early Twentieth-Century Asylums

Timo Harju is a Turku-based poet, literary-art instructor, member of the Tapir writers’ group and community artist. His first anthology of poetry “Kastelimme heitä runsaasti kahvilla” (We watered them abundantly with coffee) is set in an old peoples’ home. The collision of cultures between artists and nursing professionals fascinates him.
Speech through walls – giving a voice to people kept in welfare
institutions and jails

PLACES OF SILENCE

- Asylum

Jutta Ahlbeckis a sociologist and researcher at Åbo Akademi
University. In her research on health and illness, the body and
sexualities, she has primarily focused on the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. In her PhD thesis, Diagnostics and Discipline (2006), she examined how female mental patients were diagnosed and (re)presented in both medicine and in Finnish society at large in the early twentieth century.
Lost Voices - Tales from the Early Twentieth-Century Asylums

- Hospice

Merja Leinonen and Leevi Sandell have worked for a long time in the Karinakoti hospice in Turku. Any pain and other symptoms can be relieved effectively with medication, so that during the final moments of one’s life it is possible to focus on the most important matters. As experienced care workers, they have been involved in numerous confidential conversations with patients, relatives and staff.
The final moments

- Jail

Timo Harju is a Turku-based poet, literary-art instructor, member of the Tapir writers’ group and community artist. His first anthology of poetry “Kastelimme heitä runsaasti kahvilla” (We watered them abundantly with coffee) is set in an old peoples’ home. The collision of cultures between artists and nursing professionals fascinates him.
Speech through walls – giving a voice to people kept in welfare
institutions and jails

- Monastery

The Brigittine convent is a Catholic convent founded in 1911, which has operated in Turku since 1986. At the moment, there are nine nuns from various parts of the world at the convent. Sister Lena is originally from Southern India, from Puttur in Karnataka. She came to the convent 25 years ago. The convent operates on the same bases as the Saint Bridget church, providing bed & breakfast and a student hostel for girls, as part of the convent tradition.
How to empty one’s mind and contemplate the word of God [Skype]

- Nature

Markku Marila has been a wilderness guide since 2002. Previously he was a piano tuner at the Sibelius Academy. At the moment, he works as a freelance guide on wilderness and canoe trips and as an outdoor instructor. Marila has been a drummer since 1969, and he supervises drumming courses. He lives in Vantaa.
Finland’s quietest places: Pirunportti (a snow gorge in Lapland), Helvetinkattila (a fracture valley in Savo) and Nötö, in the archipelago

- Onkalo

Antti Lempinen (M.Sc.) is mathematician, physician and private researcher who teaches at School of Engineering in Aalto University. He is specialized in nuclear waste disposal quantitative safety assessment, bentonite buffer computer simulations and researching energy politics. He has worked for Posiva Ltd., Government nuclear waste research fund and Greenpeace international.
What we know about deep geological disposal of spent nuclear fuel - and what we do not know

- Refuges

Jouni Lehikoinen is a Turku-based vicar whose home is in Paimio. He is responsible for the St. Michael’s parish, where he started his work as a vicar in 2003. He has been a cleric since 1984. Lehikoinen has become well-known for new and fresh ways of meeting people and he has given sanctuary in his parish to Iranian refugees who were given a deportation order. He has been a nominee in the archbishop election and parliamentary elections.
Asylum, concealment and protection – is immigration a genuine threat to Finnish society?

- Retreat

Aiju von Schöneman is a travel guide from Turku, for whom speaking is an essential part of her work. Aiju also runs silent retreats. She has worked with cancer patients, amongst others, and on culture and convent tours and the children’s Koiramäki tours, and in the summer at the Retretti Art Centre. A tree was planted in Samppalinna Park in 2007 in recognition of Aiju’s work in cultural activities, and she was awarded her own street plaque in the WTC (World Trade Center) square in the 2008 “Turun Tähti” (Star of Turku) competition.
Speech is silver, silence is golden

POETRY

Markku Into is a legend of Finnish poetry and was one of the main members of the underground movement of Turku in the late 1960s. Into has written 13 anthologies of poetry, along with prose and plays, and he has translated, amongst others, Charles Bukowski, Gregory Corso, Hans Magnus Enzensberger, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Allen Ginsberg and Hunter S. Thompson. He has also been awarded the Eino Leino prize. Into is a multifaceted man of letters and talented stage performer.
“A void in the universe”

Viola Parenté-Capková is literary scholar and translator. Studied and taught at the universities in the Czech Republic, Finland, Great Britain, Italy and the Netherlands. Currently based at the University of Turku. She has published several articles on L. Onerva and writes a PhD-thesis on her early literary works.
"But once within a lifetime opens a fiery rose, that for but one night blossoms and in the morning goes..."

PUBLIC-PRIVATE

Arja Alho, Doctor in Political Sciences, works as a researcher, writer and Editor in Chief of Ydin Magazine. She was a member of parliament for a long time and a minister in Paavo Lipponen’s first cabinet from 1995 to 1997. Alho is interested in politics, the economy and media studies, and she wants to improve literacy among Finns.
What does not receive enough attention when it comes to discourse on economic policy?

Anne Heimo is a post-doc researcher in the School of History, Culture and Arts Studies at the University of Turku. She is a folklorist who has researched the memories told of Finland’s 1918 civil war. At the moment, she is studying the family history of Finnish migrants on the Internet and in the real world. Heimo is also interested in clicktivism, spontaneous shrines and the locations of memory.
An untold history and family secrets

Cay Sevón, of the Technical Research Centre of Finland, has been the CEO of the Turku 2011 Foundation since May 2008. Sevón has been Director of External Affairs and Communication for the City of Turku and then from 2001 Head of the Department for Municipal Affairs at the Ministry of the Interior and then later at the Ministry of Finance. Since her sixth-form years, she has been continually in the public eye except for during the early 1990s, when she wrote her doctoral thesis. She lives in Turku and Helsinki.
How are public personalities created, and what has to be left out of the picture?

RHETORICS OF DIALOGUE

Jari Hyyti has a masters in social sciences and is a certified psychologist, work counsellor and lecturer. He has worked as a psychologist in a health centre in the town of Nokia, in a mental health centre in Tampere and in Sukeva and Kylmäkoski prisons. At the moment, Hyyti works as a lecturer in psychology at the Police College of Finland in Tampere, and his areas of teaching are the psychology of interrogation and testifying, criminology and the various areas of psychology relating to police work.
Interrogation strategies – how can you get someone who refuses to talk to confess?

TOOL

Mikko Heiniö is a composer of contemporary-art music. His output includes, amongst other things, three operas, nine piano concertos, two symphonies as well as chamber and vocal music. He studied composition under the tutelage of Joonas Kokkonen, and in the 1970s he was a pupil of Witold Szalonek in West Berlin. Heiniö was appointed Professor of Musicology at the University of Turku in 1986. He has served as the composer-in-residence of the Turku Philharmonic Orchestra since 1997 and as the Chairman of the Society of Finnish Composers.
Listening to pauses, breaks and silent music (with examples composed by Mikko Heiniö)

Juha Koponen is an expert in technical hearing. Koponen, during his working career, has spent ten years with the Finnish Border Guard, working on submarine reconnaissance tasks, amongst other things. He has worked since 1986 on sales of hospital equipment, from 1992 to 2000 as the managing director of a company in the field, and then as an entrepreneur. The last six years, Koponen has worked for Oticon Oy, focusing on audiometers, hearing aids and hearing devices.
Help with hearing – a presentation of various hearing devices

UNIVERSE

Esko Valtaoja is an astronomer, writer, a preacher of the message of science and an art-gallery assistant. He also enjoys walking round art galleries. He likes to live in the middle ground between art and science, reality and fantasy, joy and sorrow, silence and noise, where everything really interesting always happens.
Why is space silent?

PRACTICAL EXERCISE

Pirkko Niemelä is a professor emerita of psychology and a psychoanalyst. She has researched the turning points in the life of women, such as pregnancy, motherhood and divorce. Niemelä is interested in the conflicting emotions of motherhood and the consequences of not saying anything.
A half-hour psychoanalytical session on your silence

Jasmine Westerlund has studied creative writing at the University of Turku and has been involved in the activities of the Tapir writers’ group since 2007. She has written poetry portraits in old peoples’ homes, at the Central Hospital of the University of Turku, the Toivola activity centre, the Käyrä open prison and with the TAIKA dance group, amongst others.
Come to have a poetry portrait written in 30 minutes